A polyps are cancer “close relatives”. Four symptoms suggest that it has come to the door.
“Unexpectedly, I am the same as my family.”
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On May 12, a 28 -year -old male patient in a three -year -old hospital in Guangzhou, Zhang. Zhang had a blood stool for a week and came to the hospital for endoscopic examination.
Under the endoscopy, the doctor saw dense polyps in his large intestine, and the tissue was taken for biopsy. The pathology showed that it had become cancerous.
Back to Zhang’s medical history and family history, the doctor was surprised to find that Zhang’s previous generation of direct relatives had a number of digestive tract tumors. In the end, he was diagnosed with “family adenoma polyps”.
As we all know, cancer is not a direct inherited disease, but research shows that nearly 1/3 of patients with colorectal cancer have family members with the same disease. Is adenoma polyps hereditary?
1. Family members have intestinal polyps and increase the risk of cancer
On May 4, 2021, a study published in the well -known medical journal “British Medical Journal (BMJ)” conducted a case comparison analysis of the subject of “whether the risk of colorectal polypatocketes increase the risk of colorectal cancer”.
This study was included in a total of 400,000 participants, of which 68060 patients and 33,3753 were in control groups. After correcting family history and other variables, the researchers found that compared with those who have no meal polyps from direct relatives, the risk of direct -based relatives suffering from colorectal cancer has increased by 40%. Increase, the risk of cancer will increase.
Among them, the risk of direct -system relatives suffering from hyperplasia polyps increased by 23%of colorectal cancer; the risk of colorectal cancer increased by 44%of colorectal cancer.
Through comparative studies, the more people with intestinal polyps in direct relatives, the higher the risk of colorectal cancer in their families. If you have a direct relatives of the polyps and colorectal cancer at the same time, the risk of intestinal cancer of the family will increase by 400%.
This study reminds us that if you have a direct relative of intestinal polyps or bowel cancer, you can consider screeping colorectal cancer in advance.
Second, this kind of polyps are cancer “close relatives”
Not all intestinal polyps will be cancerous. Generally, polyps are divided into various properties such as inflammatory, hyperplasia and tumor. Among them, inflammatory polyps and proliferative polyps are very likely to be cancerous. However, if the polyps are fluffy or tubular glandoma, the probability of canceration increases.
The tumor family adenoma polychi (FAP) is an anterior lesion of the bowel cancer, a kind of ingredients of alternative chromosomal genetic disease, which is caused by mutation by the APC gene. One of the parents suffers from this disease, and the chance of inheriting the children is about 50%. If you ignore it, almost 100 % of the lattice or gastric cancer will be developed in the later period, of which 40 to 45 years old is the highest.
FAP has three major characteristics:
1. Multi -occurrence: The number of adenomas is very large, more than 100 are more common, and can reach up to 5,000.
2. Poly shape: The size of the adenoma is different, from several millimeters to more than 5cm, which can have several polyps with different shapes at the same time.
3. The cancerous rate is 100%: FAP is recognized as a carcinogenic lesion. If it is not treated in time, there will be almost cancer. The entire process is different, with an average of about 10 years. FAP’s cancer is more than one place, which is multi -centered.
Third, common symptoms need to be vigilant
FAP has begun to appear more than when adolescents, and the proportion of men and women is close to 1: 1. The symptoms of digestive tract are common clinical manifestations, including blood in the stool, diarrhea, abdominal pain, mucus stools, etc. The early symptoms are mild and it is not easy to pay attention.
diarrhea
Diagnosis is mucous, characterized by a large amount of odorless mucus, and severe cases can cause water and electrolyte disorders. As the polyps increase and increase, the symptoms are worsened, and the polyps may be visible to get rid of the anus during defecation.
Blood
Poor blood stools. At this time, polyps are mostly changed, blood in the stool is intermittent, and the anus has a feeling of falling. It is often misdiagnosed as internal hemorrhoids or chronic colitis.
stomach ache
Abdominal pain in unknown causes. Due to the large polyps, individual patients can show symptoms of intestinal obstruction such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, and vomiting.
Lamry, anemia, fatigue
With the development of the disease, due to the long -term symptoms such as diarrhea, blood in the stool, and nausea, patients may have anemia, fatigue, weight loss and other manifestations, indicating that the condition may have worsened.
Fourth, after 35 years old, colonoscopy colonoscopy is important
The polyp grows slowly and does not have obvious symptoms in the early stages of onset. Even if there are occasional manifestations, it is similar to other gastrointestinal diseases, which is often difficult to attract patients’ attention.
Data show that in recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer in my country has become more and more younger. In addition, young people have stayed up late for a long time, irregular diet, and lack of exercise, which has doubled the risk of bowel cancer. For the malignant polyps such as family adenoma polyps, early detection and whole colon resection are the most effective way to prevent and control.
Therefore, colonoscopy screening of ordinary people should be advanced to 35 ~ 40 years in advance. If it is a FAP high -risk population, colonoscopy is usually made once a year from the age of 10, and colonoscopy every 3 years after 35 years old.
Cumulative adenoma is a long process, with an average of about 10 years, but if it does not intervene in time, it is likely to turn into colon malignant tumors. At present, the main examination methods include colonoscopy, 钡 enema, anal pointers, etc. By screening, it can help patients to discover as soon as possible, intervene as soon as possible, and minimize the risk of tumor.
Reference materials:
[1] BMJ: Family family has colorectal polyps. Should relatives be alert to the risk of cancer?New Viewpoint of Medicine. 2021-05-13
[2] This kind of polyp disease will not only be inherited, but also 100%cancerous!. The medical digestive liver disease channel .2020-09-02
[3] One article explains: family adenoma polyps. Gastrointestinal disease. 2019-05-03
