Do I have to remove intestinal polyps?8 questions about intestinal polyps
Many people disagree with the intestinal polyps and feel that they do n’t feel pain or itchy, and some people are scared to lose their color as soon as they see polyps in the colonoscopy report. So, what is intestinal polyps? Will intestinal polyps be cancer? Which polyps must be removed? Will it be recovered after resection? From a professional perspective, this article explains the intestinal polyps misunderstanding and the truth!
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1. What is intestinal polyps?
Intestinal polyps refer to the bulge lesions that protrude from the surface of the mucous membrane to the intestinal cavity, and they are collectively referred to as polyps before the pathological nature. Most people do not have any special feelings, at most the clinical manifestations of no difference in blood, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. However, only when the polyps become larger, more obvious symptoms such as dilatation, blood stool, and frequent abdominal pain may occur.
2. What are the factors that cause intestinal polyps?
The cause of bowel polyps has not been clear, but the study shows that the occurrence of polyps is related to the infection of Helicobacter pylori, long -term application proton pump inhibitors, bile reflux, genetic genetic, environment, lifestyle and eating habits.
Age: Most studies have shown that patients with intestinal polyps are mostly over 40 years old. The detection rate of polyps increases with age, and the frequency of adenoma polyps with cancerous potential has also increased.
Gender: The incidence of intestinal polyps in my country is more than women, and the proportion is about 2: 1. Men have been recognized as the independent risk factors of the onset and recurrence.
Region: my country’s overall situation is higher in urban incidence than rural areas, and high -income areas of high -income areas are high. According to the statistics of epidemiography in my country, the highest -intestinal meat test rate is the east, followed by the central, southern, northwest, and northeast.
Weight: Studies at home and abroad show that more than 70%of intestinal polyps patients with BMI ≥ 25.0, and the accumulation of fat around colon is related to the risk of proliferation and adenoma polyps.
Eating habits: The incidence of colorectal polyps with high fat, high protein, and low -fiber foods has increased significantly for a long time. Smoking is also closely related to adenoma polyps. The regular breakfast, high -frequency feeding vegetables, soy products and fruits can reduce the risk of incidence of large intestine polyps. At the same time, similar to eating fiber -rich food mechanisms, exercise can increase intestinal motility, reduce the absorption of toxins, and damage to the intestinal mucosa.
3. What are the high -risk people?
According to my country’s latest colorectal cancer screening guidelines, high -risk groups of colorectal cancer have clearly have the following categories:
1) First -level relatives have a history of colorectal cancer;
2) Individual history of colorectal cancer or history of intestinal adenoma;
3) Positive stool blood test;
4) Conquer 2 or above descriptions: chronic diarrhea; chronic constipation; mucus and blood feces; visual or appendic or appendic cutting history; chronic cholecystitis or cholecystectomy history; history of psychological trauma.
4. Will intestinal polyps be cancerous?
Intestinal polyps do cancer, and most of the colorectal cancer changes from the bad bowel polyps, but not all polyps will be cancer. The cancerous polyps are affected by many factors, including the size, type, form, number, number, location, epithelial degree of polyps.
Under normal circumstances, intestinal polyps are mainly divided into two categories, tumor and non -tumor. Tumor polyps are pre -cancer lesions and are likely to be cancerous. They mainly include tubular adenoma, villioma, tubular fluffy tumors, beeflyless serrated adenoma/polyps, and traditional sawtooth tumors. Non -tumor polyps grow very slowly, and basically do not become cancer, including proliferative polyps and inflammatory polyps.
In addition, the greater the polyps, the higher the cancerous rate. Data show that the cancerous rate of ecthical meat with a diameter of less than 1.0 cm is less than 1%, and the cancerous rate of 10%in diameter of 1 to 2 cm is usually 10%, and the cancerous rate of more than 2 cm in diameter is usually 50%. Moreover, tumor polyps and non -niche, cauliflower -shaped are more likely to be cancer.
5. Which polyps must be removed?
After the colonoscopy is found to be polyps, it is impossible to see if these polyps are not tumor or tumor. They need to be cut down for pathological examinations to finally confirm. For the treatment of polyps, it is well known that polyps have proven to reduce the incidence of cancer. According to the number, location, size, morphology, and pathological examination results of colonoscopy, decide whether to observe without removal for the time being, or minimally invasion polyps in colonoscopy, or surgery as soon as possible.
The selection of colorectal polyps is based on the current opinion and guidelines of colorectal polyp therapy and guidelines, and combined with clinical work practice. It is mainly used for doctor -patient communication and easy communication.
6. Will it recur after resection?
Conventional polyps resection is the main treatment plan, but there is a high recurrence rate. The recurrence rate within 3-5 years is about 15%to 60%, especially when adenoma reaches the advanced recurrence rate. Special follow -up treatment is generally not required after polyps, unless the polyps have become cancerous.
In addition, the polyps need to be reviewed after the polyps. For those with intestinal polyps, if you want to ensure that the polyps recurrence can be discovered in time, and it is removed as soon as possible, there is only one way -regular colonoscopy review. 7. How long should intestinal screening interval?
The consensus opinion of American experts does not need to do colonoscopy often. It is recommended to screen every 10 years. Most domestic experts also agree with this consensus. If one of the parents or siblings of the first-level relatives has a history of bowel polyps. Although I have no symptoms, it is recommended to check colonoscopy at the age of 40 and screen for colonoscopy every 3-5 years.
If many people of first-level relatives find out intestinal polyps, or one person is a multi-intestinal polyps, or parents and sisters and children with secondary relatives have the history of bowel polyps. The ages of relatives performed colonoscopy once in 10 years.
If it is diagnosed with hereditary colon polyps, such as typical FAP family history, it is recommended to check colonoscopy at the age of 10, and requires colonoscopy every 1-2 years.
8. How to prevent intestinal polyps?
Although there are many reasons for intestinal polyps, for most patients with large intestine polyps, bad dietary factors, sedentary and moving lifestyles are the main reasons for their intestinal long polyps. Therefore, it is important to develop a good way of life and diet.
1) Avoid excessive drinking, do not smoke.
2) Reduce any extra weight and make your weight index normally.
3) Exercise -including medium aerobic exercise at least 150 minutes per week and two muscle strengthening training.
4) Eat at least 3-5 pieces of fruits and vegetables a day.
5) Avoid excessive fat and processing food and red meat.
6) Some studies have shown that taking aspirin may reduce the risk of overall colon cancer, but the evidence is uncertain and requires the doctor’s advice.
Reference
1. Long Sidan, Ji Shuangshuang, Yao Shukun. Research progress of the population characteristics and living habits of intestinal polyps [J]. Chinese Chinese and Western medicine combined digestive magazines, 2020 (4).
2.https: //my.ClevelandClinic.org/health/diseases/15370-Colon-polyps
3. Mu Yi. Intestinal polyps “overdue service” harmful [J]. Jiangsu Health Care (4): 1.
4. Song Wen, Zhao Liang, Zhu Ping, and other new progress in the development of bowel polyps and diagnosis and treatment [J]. Gastrointestinal disease and liver disease magazine, 2012 (09): 876-879.
