Inventory of common insulin categories of diabetes treatment
Diabetes is a common, with certain genetic tendency endocrine metabolic diseases. It is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which are divided into two types: original and secondary. If the disease is not diagnosed or controlled in time, it can cause complications of cardiovascular, eye, kidney, nerves and other complications, and can induce coma under stress. Insulin is one of the main drugs for the treatment of diabetes.
Several types of insulin
Diabetes experts introduced that insulin is a protein hormone secreted by the enthusiastic or exogenous substances such as glucose, lactose, ribon, arginine, pancreatic hyperglycence, etc. Blood glucose hormones, while promoting glycogen, fat, and protein synthesis. At present, in our country, insulin -making preparations are divided into the following as follows:
1. Ultra -short insulin: There are Youdi Le and Nuo He Rui. After 10 to 20 minutes after injection, it takes effect at 40 minutes, and the effect lasts for 3 to 5 hours.
2. Short insulin: There are two types of pigs and human insulin. Nuo He Ling R, Youbin R and Gan Shulin R are human insulin. After 30 minutes of injection, it starts for 5 to 7 hours. It can be used for subcutaneous, muscle injections and venous drips. Generally, the skin injection is generally 30 minutes before meal.
3. Mid -effect insulin: Nobel and Spirit N, You Biolin N and Gan Shulin N. It takes effect 3 hours after injection, and 6 to 8 hours is a peak. The duration is 14 to 16 hours. The length of duration is related to the dose of injection. Medium -effect insulin can be mixed with short -acting insulin or used alone. Mid -effect insulin injection once or twice a day should be determined according to the condition. Subcutaneous or muscle injection, but not intravenous. Mid -effect insulin is a mixed suspension, shaking before extraction.
4. Long -acting insulin (including fishy protein -zinc insulin): Rulai (glycamon insulin), Nuo Heping (deer insulin), generally injection daily, the efficiency time is 1.5 hours, and the effect can be kept smoothly 22 It is around, and it is not easy to occur at night’s hypoglycemia, and there are fewer adverse reactions to increase weight. Domestic long -effect insulin is fishy protein zinc pig insulin, which has long been used in clinical use. This product starts 4 hours after injection, and it is peak in 8 to 12 hours. The duration is about 24 hours. The disadvantage is that the drug absorption is poor and the efficacy is unstable. Long -acting insulin is generally not only used, often combined with short -acting insulin, and cannot be used as venous.
5. Premix insulin: It is an insulin preparation pre -mixed with short -acting insulin (30/70/50/50, 70/30) in different proportions (30/70/50, 70/30). 70%of the pre -mixed insulin. Choose 30/70 or 50/50, 70/30 to determine the dose of subcutaneous skin injection before breakfast after breakfast and after lunch; according to the patient’s dinner after dinner and early morning blood glucose levels.
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Insulin indication
Suitable for type I diabetes, patients with type II diabetic patients, poor hypoglycemic effects, diabetic split -spin -patient acid poisoning, before and after major surgery, gestational diabetes, severe liver disease with diabetes, and secondary diabetes. Reasonable diet therapy and oral hypoglycemic drugs still have not reached standards after the treatment of oral hypoglycemic drugs, oral hypoglycemic drugs can be treated with insulted diabetic patients who are difficult to type.
(Editor in charge: Tang Aifeng)
