In children’s respiratory diseases, more than 90%of children can be cured by oral drug treatment. Only a small number of children need intravenous infusion drugs. Varicular infusion treatment is controversial due to the prone to adverse reactions caused by children. [1] There are many adverse reactions to children at growth and development.
Precautions for Children’s Medicine Medication
Once allergic reactions, especially allergic shocks or severe skin allergic reactions, should be stopped immediately, rescue and symptomatic treatment to prevent severe drug adverse reactions / event reports (ADR / ADE).
Because the intravenous dripping can reach the target organs at the highest concentration and the fastest speed, the efficacy is reliable. However, the possibility of adverse reactions has also increased the possibility of adverse reactions while the drug is rapidly exerting the efficacy. Under the premise of ensuring the treatment effect, the principle of “being able to take oral non -muscle injections, can not be infused with muscle injection” should be followed, and the method of administration is reasonably selected [2].
Children’s medication has more hidden safety hazards than adults. Before the medication, you should inquire about the history of allergies in detail, standardize your own medication, and reduce the phenomenon of medication of the superbam; nurse shall be implemented strictly in accordance with the regulations for drugs that require allergies, and strengthen supervision of children after medication.
Adverse reactions caused by antibiotics
1. Allergic reaction: The main reason for antibiotics caused by allergic reactions is the relationship between the drug itself, the medicine impurities, and the individual constitution, or it may be caused by the metabolic products of the drug. The type of allergies mainly includes:
① Allergic shock: For example, penicillin antibiotics can cause allergic shock, especially penicillin G. Although its chemotherapy index is very high, allergies are the most serious adverse reactions. Antibiotics commonly used in children can cause allergic shocks [3].
② Hemolytic anemia: It belongs to type II perverted reactions and manifested as a reduction in various blood cells in the body, such as decreased platelets, and cephalosporin can also cause hemolytic anemia [3].
③ Serum disease and drug fever: belong to type III perverted reactions, manifested as reactions such as blood vessel neurophaphic edema, joint pain, urticaria and other reactions after medication. Such as cephalosporin, rinsein, etc. can cause.
2. Toxic reactions: The toxic reactions caused by antibiotics can cause changes in the function of the body or the tissue structure, which causes changes in the physiological function of the body. It is often related to the dose and time of medication. Adverse reactions. It mainly includes the following aspects.
3. Specific response: Specific reactions occur in a few patients, which is often related to genetic factors. Congenital inheritance is extremely sensitive to certain drugs and is basically the same as the pharmacological effects of drugs. Most of them are caused by the lack of some enzymes, which causes the drug to be blocked in the body’s metabolism. For example, chloramphenicol and bisexilin B enter the erythonic blood cells, which can transform hemoglobin into transgender hemoglobin; and this type of reaction will not occur for patients with normal patients with this enzyme system [4].
4. Dual infection: Antibacterial drugs inhibit or kill sensitive bacteria without sensitive bacteria continued to grow and reproduce, causing new infections, difficulty in treatment, and high disease mortality. Large doses or long -term application of antibiotics, especially the application of broad -spectrum antibiotics. When sensitive bacteria are killed or suppressed, other non -sensitive bacteria borrow a lot of growth and reproduction. Bacteria that cause new infections can be a parasitic bacteria that are harmless to the body under normal circumstances. Due to changes in flora, other harmless bacteria that can inhibit the growth of the bacteria are transformed into pathogenic bacteria after being killed by drugs, or it can also be possible. It is a drug -resistant strain for primary infection. Double infections that are prone to occur when using broad -spectrum antibiotics are: difficulty to distinguish vesarial spores entericitis, fungal enteritis, oral fungal infection, white Candida vaginitis, etc. [3].
Auroramide injection
In recent years, with the widespread clinical use of ampacefield injection in hydrochloride, it has found that it has a biochemical or pharmacological response to many drugs, which has caused adverse reactions to the drug. This product is used at the same time as antibiotics (amoxicillin, cephalosporin, erythromycin, and poelicin), which can cause antibiotics to increase the concentration of lung tissue. Aurbroxide injection and penicillin, cephalosporin, phosphate, pyrone, nitridimazole, and digestive system drugs are compatible with taboos. Unreasonable drug compatibility will not only reduce the effects of turbidity, precipitation, crystals, etc., but also increase the toxicity of amroar hydrochloride hydrochloride.
Therefore, it is necessary to avoid mixing drugs with compatible taboos with hydrochloride injections in clinical medication. Auroxide hydrochloride is usually very tolerated, but there are also reports of drugs damage, skin damage, respiratory damage, gastrointestinal system damage, cardiovascular system damage, muscle skeletal system damage, central and peripheral nervous system damage. Allergic reactions rarely appear, mainly rash, and also reported allergic shock [5].
Lysine aspirin for injection
Adverse reactions:
① Short -term adverse reactions: stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting, etc., with large amount of severe amount can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Other adverse reactions include dizziness, increased language, excitement of exercise, expression of expression, and illusion of illusion.
② salicylic acid reaction: manifested as headache, dizziness, tinnitus, audiovisual decreased, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, severe cases of mental disorders, accelerated breathing, dysplasia imbalance and bleeding, etc., and even shock can appear [6]. There are also reports of severe liver damage [7].
③ Ruishi syndrome: It is more common in children under 12 years of age, and there are similar symptoms such as acute infections such as short -term fever, such as septicness, frequent vomiting, increased intracranial pressure and coma. Although this situation is rare, it is dangerous. ④ Allergic reactions: A few patients have allergic reactions such as allergic rash, asthma, blood vessel neuropromy or mucosal congestion. Among them, asthma is more common, and after a few minutes of medication, it develops dyspnea and breathing. It is specially referred to as “aspirin asthma”. In severe cases, it can be life -threatening.
Glucocorticoids
There is no obvious adverse reaction during the application of physiological dosage replacement. The occurrence of adverse reactions is closely related to treatment, dose, dose types, dosage types, usage and administration pathways [8].临床常见为体液、钠潴留及电解质紊乱; 并发感染; 有时在停药后出现糖皮质激素依赖综合征，表现为低热、头晕、头痛、腹痛、背痛或关节疼痛、食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、 Fine. The main adverse reaction to children is to affect growth and development. At the same time, it can also cause osteoporosis, femoral head ischemic necrosis, increased intracranial pressure, and the risk of new infection. Cheng Chengzheng.
Ammonia cordonine injection
Adverse reactions:
① Gastrointestinal reaction: nausea, vomiting, severe cases of blood vomit or asphalt.
② Cardiovascular response: increased heart rate, arrhythmia, dizziness, blood pressure drama, muscle tremor.
③ Neurological reaction: excitement, irritability, restlessness, or epilepsy. Toxic reactions can occur when intravenous drops are too fast. At the same time, due to the long drop time of ammonium catechoids, symptoms such as injection liquid penetration, venousitis, and redness of puncture are prone to, which will affect the treatment effect.
Vitamin C injection
Adverse reactions: Children with vitamin C injection generally add separate veins in glucose or physiological saline according to 100 to 200 mg /kg per day. Long -term application of varicose veins can cause scurvy after 2 to 3 g. Causes uric acid, cysteine or oxalicate stones.
